Exchange 2007 ‘Sender Reputation Filter’ Story
Prologue:
“Sender Reputation is anti-spam functionality that is enabled on computers that have the Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 Edge Transport server role installed to block messages according to many characteristics of the sender. Sender reputation relies on persisted data about the sender to determine what action, if any, to take on an inbound message. “
Microsoft , 2006.
Scenario:
One of my old clients called me recently, saying that they have bought some new server boxes and, beside other changes, asking for best advice how to improve their e-mail infrastructure from both, performance and security aspects. They were using Exchange 2003 with GFI Mail Security Antivirus and GFI Mail Essentials Antispam protection that I have installed some time ago. They also have dedicated ISA server for proxy/firewall functionality:
Exchange 2003 (+GFI) <--------------------> ISA <----------------> INTERNET
My advice to them was to migrate to Exchange 2007, and also to implement a Windows 2003 Web Edition Server in DMZ to act as a SMTP relay server, with GFI Mail Security and GFI Mail Essentials installed on that server. Since they were already paying for Exchange Enterprise CALs in their licensing program I suggested Forefront Security on internal Exchange (with 9 Antivirus and 2 Antispam engines they should be pretty safe….;)):
Exchange 2007 (+Forefront) <-------> ISA <------> IIS SMTP relay (+GFI) <----> INTERNET
I’ve installed GFI modules on Relay server and configured Antispam engine to append string “[SPAM]” in subject line for every message that is likely to be spam. Then, I created Transport Rule on Exchange server to increase SCL level for this type of messages to 9 so that they always end in user’s Outlook Junk E-mail folder.
I‘ve tested this configuration by sending a few legitimate mails and also few with “sex $$$ Viagra” in subject and/or body, and everything worked perfectly (not a good sign….;))
Problem:
Not very long after, some of the employees said that their clients are complaining that all messages sent to them are rejected by our mail server.
From Relay server, I've succesfuly telneted to port 25 on internal Exchange server, and typed:
HELO test.test.net
Mail from:test@test.net
and got this response:
550 5.7.1 External client with IP address 172.16.0.1 does not have permissions to submit to this server. Visit http://support.microsoft.com/kb/928123 for more information.
172.16.0.1 was IP address of external interface on ISA server…?!
Reason:
Sender reputation filter has characterized my own ISA server as a spammer, and added it to IP Block List for 24 hours..…;))
Solution:
I’ve removed 172.16.0.1 from IP Block List on Exchange server, add it to IP allow list and disabled Sender Reputation filter..…just in case…;)